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Abstract: Transcript of the Reasons for Sentence
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R. v. Takazo, 2008 NWTSC 52 S-1-CR-2008-000043 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES IN THE MATTER OF: HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN - v - JAMIE MARK TAKAZO __________________________________________________________ Transcript of the Reasons for Sentence delivered by The Honourable Justice V.A. Schuler, sitting in Norman Wells, in the Northwest Territories, on the 17th day of July, A.D. 2008. __________________________________________________________ APPEARANCES: Ms. T. Nguyen: Counsel for the Crown Mr. T. Boyd: Counsel for the Accused (Charges under s. 88(1), 348(1)(b) x2, 279(2) x2, and 85(1)(a) of the Criminal Code of Canada) Official Court Reporters 1 THE COURT: Well, first of all, I would 2 like to commend counsel for bringing this very 3 sad case to a resolution without the necessity of 4 a trial. 5 Jamie Mark Takazo is a 33-year-old man who 6 has pled guilty to, and been convicted of, six 7 charges involving two separate incidents, the 8 first having occurred on January 16, 2008, and 9 the second having occurred February 8 and 9, 10 2008, here in Norman Wells. What I have referred 11 to as the second incident is really a series of 12 related occurrences over a period of 13 approximately 36 hours. 14 The Agreed Statement of Facts that has been 15 filed and that will be marked as an exhibit is 16 very detailed. It was read into the record, and 17 I will try to summarize it, acknowledging that I 18 am condensing and probably over-simplifying the 19 events. I would suggest that anyone reading this 20 sentencing decision look at the Agreed Statement 21 of Facts to get the full and complete picture. 22 In the January 2008 incident, Mr. Takazo was 23 being given a ride home by Ms. Gray, who had been 24 his girlfriend a year previous. He was 25 intoxicated. They had a disagreement about where 26 she was going to take him, and Mr. Takazo pulled 27 a knife and threatened her with it. While they Official Court Reporters 1 1 struggled for the knife, Mr. Takazo pulled out a 2 second knife. Ms. Gray was able to get both 3 knives away from him, although he retrieved one 4 of them. She was concerned that Mr. Takazo was 5 suicidal and she was also concerned for her own 6 life. She eventually drove Mr. Takazo to the 7 place he wanted. He later called and apologized 8 to her. Ms. Gray was not injured and did not 9 report this incident to the police right away. 10 The actions of Mr. Takazo with the knives 11 are the basis for Count 1 in the Indictment: 12 possession of a weapon for a purpose dangerous to 13 the public peace, contrary to Section 88(1) of 14 the Criminal Code. 15 The remaining counts in the Indictment arise 16 from events that began on February 8, 2008, just 17 before one o'clock in the morning. 18 Mr. Takazo kicked in the door of the 19 residence of Ms. Gray and her boyfriend. He 20 entered the residence with a rifle. Ms. Gray 21 encountered him and he pointed the rifle at her 22 and pursued her to the bedroom where her 23 boyfriend closed the door. Mr. Takazo kicked 24 that door open and then fell back when Ms. Gray's 25 boyfriend swung a bat. Mr. Takazo then left the 26 residence. Those events are the basis for Count 27 2, break and enter and commit assault with a Official Court Reporters 2 1 weapon, contrary to Section 348(1)(b) of the 2 Criminal Code. 3 The victims of that offence did call the 4 RCMP, who subsequently found Mr. Takazo. 5 Mr. Takazo held a rifle to this chin and 6 threatened to kill himself. The RCMP members 7 attempted to negotiate with him, but he would not 8 drop the rifle and, instead, walked away holding 9 it to his head. Mr. Takazo was followed but 10 eventually was lost in the darkness. Shortly 11 after that, it was reported that Mr. Takazo had 12 entered the apartment where Ms. Gray's mother was 13 living, and I will refer to the mother as 14 Ms. Gray, Sr. Mr. Takazo had a rifle with him, 15 and when Ms. Gray, Sr. tried to get it away from 16 him, he pulled a knife out and held it over her 17 head. He directed her where to go in the 18 apartment and he also fired a shot from the rifle 19 into the ceiling. He demanded that Ms. Gray, Sr. 20 telephone her daughter. When she refused, he 21 pointed the rifle at her and then at himself, 22 pointing it at his chin. Ms. Gray, Sr. was able 23 to leave the apartment when she said she needed 24 her glasses to call her daughter. Mr. Takazo 25 then left the apartment. 26 Those are the facts giving rise to Count 3, 27 break, enter and commit an assault with a weapon, Official Court Reporters 3 1 contrary to Section 348(1)(b) of the Criminal 2 Code, and Count 4, unlawful confinement, contrary 3 to Section 279(2) of the Criminal Code. 4 After leaving that apartment, Mr. Takazo was 5 seen by the police and again he threatened to 6 kill himself and held the rifle under his chin. 7 He went into a home and continued to yell at one 8 of the police officers from there and to make 9 gestures with the rifle while the police were 10 mobilizing to deal with the situation. At some 11 point after that, Mr. Takazo went into the house 12 of Mr. McDonald, who awoke to find him holding a 13 gun and barricading the door. He would not let 14 Mr. McDonald leave the house and swore and ranted 15 about the RCMP and Ms. Gray. When Mr. Takazo 16 went into a bedroom, Mr. McDonald escaped from 17 the house. These events -- 18 MS. NGUYEN: I apologize, Your Honour. 19 THE COURT: That is fine. Do you want to 20 -- I do not know if there is any water. 21 THE COURT CLERK: The sheriff has gone to get 22 some. 23 THE COURT: I think we will stand down. 24 (ADJOURNMENT) 25 MS. NGUYEN: I apologize for the 26 interruption, Your Honour. 27 THE COURT: That is fine, Ms. Nguyen. I Official Court Reporters 4 1 am sure it has happened to all of us. 2 Madam Reporter, I think where I left off was 3 here, so if I am repeating myself, just bear with 4 me. 5 I was dealing with the incident where 6 Mr. Takazo went into Mr. McDonald's house. He 7 would not let Mr. McDonald leave the house and he 8 swore and ranted about the RCMP and Ms. Gray. 9 When Mr. Takazo went into a bedroom, Mr. McDonald 10 escaped from the house. These events comprise 11 Count 5, unlawful confinement, contrary to 12 Section 279(2) of the Criminal Code, and Count 6, 13 using a rifle while committing an indictable 14 offence, contrary to Section 85(1)(a) of the 15 Criminal Code. 16 Mr. McDonald and Mr. Takazo were each 17 observed leaving the McDonald house. On 18 encountering police officers, Mr. Takazo again 19 held his gun to his chin and threatened suicide 20 and eventually led police back to the apartment 21 where he had held Ms. Gray, Sr. That building 22 and others nearby had to be evacuated. 23 Subsequently, over a period of 30 or more hours, 24 police used various methods to negotiate with 25 Mr. Takazo while he continued to threaten to 26 shoot people, to do battle with the police, and 27 to kill himself. He eventually laid down the Official Court Reporters 5 1 rifle and a knife that he had also been using to 2 make gestures with and was taken into custody. 3 A huge amount of police personnel and 4 resources were used in dealing with Mr. Takazo 5 and significant disruption resulted to people in 6 the vicinity as described in the Agreed Statement 7 of Facts. 8 Mr. Takazo has been in custody since then, 9 February 9, 2008. He has been seen by a 10 psychologist and a psychiatrist and diagnosed as 11 schizophrenic. The opinion of the professionals 12 is that his likely aim in the standoff with the 13 police was suicide. It also appears that 14 Mr. Takazo suffered a serious head injury in 15 October 2007 during a beating by a cousin. 16 Family members report that his behaviour has 17 changed significantly since then. Severe alcohol 18 addiction was also noted by the professionals, 19 and his family reports that his negative 20 behaviour is aggravated by alcohol use. 21 Mr. Takazo has one related conviction from 22 2004 for careless carrying of a firearm. He 23 received a $500 fine plus six months' probation. 24 I was not told the facts of that case, but, 25 clearly, it is relevant and that it does involve 26 Mr. Takazo and improper handling of a firearm. 27 The offences and the circumstances Official Court Reporters 6 1 surrounding them are very serious. The facts 2 really speak for themselves in this case. The 3 use of weapons, the repeated intrusions into 4 other people's homes during the night, scaring 5 them with weapons, and the repeated threats to 6 cause harm to others are all aggravating factors. 7 The main mitigating factor in this case is 8 Mr. Takazo's guilty plea, and it is a significant 9 mitigating factor. By pleading guilty, 10 Mr. Takazo has spared those involved from having 11 to testify. His guilty plea came without any 12 preliminary hearing, without a trial obviously, 13 and so even though no Victim Impact Statements 14 were filed, people who, I am sure, were quite 15 traumatized by Mr. Takazo's actions have not had 16 to come and testify in court and relive the 17 terrible experience that they had. Mr. Takazo 18 has also saved the time and expense of what would 19 likely have been a lengthy trial. All of that, 20 along with his cooperation with the police and 21 health professionals after the offences and his 22 apology to Ms. Gray after the January offence 23 and, also, his apology here in court, indicates 24 to me that Mr. Takazo is remorseful for what he 25 has done, he is sorry, and he is taking 26 responsibility for his actions. 27 I also have to consider that Mr. Takazo Official Court Reporters 7 1 appears to have been suffering from a mental 2 disorder - schizophrenia - at the time of the 3 offences. That, combined with the fact that he 4 was intoxicated during the events on January 16 5 and February 8 and 9, likely helps to explain at 6 least in part why he acted the way he did. It 7 does not, of course, excuse what he did. 8 I said at the beginning of my remarks that 9 this is a sad case, and indeed it is. 10 Mr. Takazo, along with the mental disorder that 11 he suffers from, has had some very troubling 12 experiences in his life as referred to before me. 13 During these offences, Mr. Takazo also 14 caused great fear to people, although no physical 15 harm to any of them. He caused the police to go 16 to a great deal of difficult and dangerous work. 17 At the same time, it appears that his thinking in 18 all this was to either take his own life or 19 provoke the police into taking his life, and I 20 accept he must have been extremely distraught and 21 troubled to get to the point where he would do 22 that. 23 The fundamental purpose of sentencing is the 24 protection of the public, the community, so that 25 it is safe. Clearly, I should impose a sentence 26 that will help to deter Mr. Takazo from 27 committing offences like this again. The Official Court Reporters 8 1 sentence should also deter others who may be in a 2 state of mind to act like Mr. Takazo did. It 3 should also signify how society, the community, 4 frowns on and rejects this type of behaviour, 5 especially because of how it disrupts the 6 community and its sense of safety and security 7 and it focuses valuable police and other 8 resources on one individual, like Mr. Takazo, and 9 diverts them from other needs and urgencies. 10 Rehabilitating an offender is also an aim of 11 sentencing. After all, helping an individual to 12 become a productive, contributing, law-abiding 13 member of society is a way to discourage that 14 person from committing crimes. In this case, 15 because the psychiatrist -- or psychiatrists have 16 been able to identify Mr. Takazo's mental 17 disorder, attention can be focused on treating 18 it. 19 The fact that Mr. Takazo from all accounts 20 was a law-abiding citizen until the age of 21 approximately 30 and the letters from the 22 individuals in Deline who talk about his 23 helpfulness give the Court some hope that he can 24 become a law-abiding citizen again. 25 I am also required to consider Section 718.2 26 of the Criminal Code which says that all 27 available sanctions other than imprisonment that Official Court Reporters 9 1 are reasonable in the circumstances should be 2 considered for all offenders with particular 3 attention to the circumstances of aboriginal 4 offenders. Mr. Takazo is an aboriginal man from 5 Deline. Section 718.2, as interpreted in case 6 law, does not mean that because a person is 7 aboriginal, they should get a lesser sentence, 8 and it also recognizes that there are instances 9 where offences are so serious that there will, 10 really, be no reasonable alternative to a jail 11 term. Counsel have recognized by their 12 submissions that in the very serious 13 circumstances of this case, no sanction other 14 than some imprisonment is reasonable in the 15 circumstances, and I concur with that. The use 16 of weapons, whether actual use against a person 17 or as a threat, is far too common in the North. 18 The circumstances of this case are far too 19 serious to make an entirely non-custodial 20 sentence a reasonable sanction. Moreover and 21 most importantly in this case, the conviction 22 under Section 85(1)(a) of the Criminal Code, 23 which is Count 6 in the Indictment, carries a 24 minimum term of imprisonment of one year. That 25 means I have to impose a jail sentence of at 26 least one year. 27 What counsel have submitted as a reasonable Official Court Reporters 10 1 sentence is two years less a day in jail followed 2 by probation on strict conditions for three 3 years. Subject to what I will say in a moment 4 about the time that Mr. Takazo has been in 5 remand, the sentence proposed by counsel would 6 effectively put Mr. Takazo under supervision by 7 means of jail and then probation for a period of 8 five years, and it is only if the jail portion of 9 the sentence does not exceed two years that I can 10 impose any probation at all pursuant to Section 11 731 of the Criminal Code. 12 The only thing counsel have not agreed on is 13 how I should deal with the time that Mr. Takazo 14 has been in remand, amounting to 158 days or five 15 months. 16 The Supreme Court of Canada, in a case 17 called The Queen v. Wust, recognized that remand 18 time is generally considered hard time because 19 the person awaiting trial in remand does not have 20 access to the same programs, such as counselling 21 or education, as a serving prisoner does and 22 because no remission is earned on remand time as 23 is earned on time served. The Supreme Court of 24 Canada also said that while how much credit 25 should be given for remand time in any particular 26 case is in the discretion of the sentencing judge 27 (in other words, it is up to that judge to Official Court Reporters 11 1 decide), a credit of two months for each month in 2 remand is appropriate in many circumstances. 3 Crown counsel says that Mr. Takazo had 4 access to programs while at the North Slave 5 Correctional Centre and that he was not treated 6 differently there from serving prisoners, nor was 7 he treated differently from other patients while 8 being assessed at the University of Alberta 9 Hospital, save for the fact that he was in 10 custody. The Crown counsel says that only a few 11 days spent in police cells could be considered 12 hard time and, therefore, the remand time should 13 be credited at face value with only an addition 14 to reflect the remission -- or the lack of 15 remission. In the result, Crown counsel proposes 16 a credit of six to six and a half months be given 17 against the jail sentence proposed. 18 Defence counsel, on the other hand, asks 19 that the remand time be credited at two for one. 20 His information is that Mr. Takazo could not have 21 access to certain programs while on remand, 22 specifically anger management and the land 23 program at the facility in Fort Smith, and he 24 also refers to Mr. Takazo not being able to 25 attend his grandmother's funeral while he was at 26 the University of Alberta Hospital because 27 arrangements could not be made in time. Defence Official Court Reporters 12 1 counsel therefore submits that there should be a 2 ten-month reduction in the proposed sentence. 3 I should say, first of all, that I think 4 that the sentence proposed by counsel, two years 5 less a day and three years' probation, is 6 reasonable in all the circumstances and will, by 7 its combination of jail and probation, serve the 8 objectives of denunciation, deterrence of both 9 Mr. Takazo and others, and rehabilitation of 10 Mr. Takazo, and, also, reparation to the 11 community. So I am going to accept counsel's 12 recommendation in that regard. I also note that 13 that sentence is similar to the one imposed in 14 the case of The Queen v. Jones, 2005, CanLII 15 22449, a decision from the Ontario Court of 16 Appeal. That was a case involving similar 17 circumstances, although in Jones there was no 18 mandatory minimum sentence attached to any of the 19 charges. The sentence that counsel are proposing 20 also, in my view, does conform to the 21 proportionality principle. It reflects the 22 seriousness of the offences while also taking 23 into account that Mr. Takazo's moral culpability, 24 his responsibility for these crimes, has to be 25 viewed in light of his serious mental condition. 26 The issue about the remand time does leave 27 me in a bit of a difficult position because of Official Court Reporters 13 1 this difference -- or in part because of this 2 difference between counsel as to whether 3 Mr. Takazo did or did not have access to programs 4 while in remand, and without evidence on that 5 point, I really cannot resolve to my satisfaction 6 the issue of how much Mr. Takazo's time on remand 7 differed from time spent by prisoners serving a 8 sentence. I would also say that in different 9 cases I have been told different things about 10 that. In other words, as to the extent to which 11 remand prisoners do have access to the full range 12 of programs at the Correctional Centre in 13 Yellowknife. 14 I do accept that while at the University of 15 Alberta Hospital, the conditions of remand for 16 Mr. Takazo would not have been harsh, the term 17 that is often used to describe remand, although 18 he also would not have earned remission on that 19 time. 20 Having spent some time considering this 21 issue of remand, I have concluded that my primary 22 concern, really, should be: How long should it 23 be that Mr. Takazo remains in jail before he is 24 ready to return to the community on probation? 25 And that involves consideration such as: Does he 26 have better recourse to psychiatric help at North 27 Slave Correctional Centre than he will have in Official Court Reporters 14 1 Deline? Does he have better access to 2 counselling, perhaps to medications, at the 3 Correctional Centre than he will have in Deline? 4 What type of programing, what type of assistance, 5 are the Social Services people, the probation 6 officers in Deline able to offer to someone like 7 Mr. Takazo? I do not have very specific 8 information about that, and it may be that there 9 is not specific information available in terms of 10 exactly what kind of treatment Mr. Takazo needs. 11 But I do have a concern that if he is released 12 too soon into his community of Deline, and 13 considering that the proposal is that he live in 14 a home where, as I heard in evidence from his 15 mother, there is some drinking, specifically by 16 his father and his friends, is he going to be 17 able to deal with that? Is he going to be able 18 to resist the temptation? Does he need more 19 structure and more control, supervision, 20 attention that is available in the Correctional 21 Centre than he is likely to get in Deline? And 22 having said that, I do take seriously his 23 mother's, Betty Takazo's, evidence that she will 24 report him if he breaches any of his conditions. 25 At the same time, she is not going to be there 26 every minute to supervise her 33-year-old son. 27 So this is something that I have given some Official Court Reporters 15 1 consideration to, and I appreciate that there is 2 only so much I can do in terms of predicting how 3 long it may be before Mr. Takazo really is ready 4 to return to the community. In the end, what I 5 have decided to do is to credit eight months for 6 the remand time. 7 So would you stand please, Mr. Takazo. The 8 sentence, then, of imprisonment that I am 9 imposing today is 16 months, and that will be 10 followed by probation for three years on the 11 following conditions, and I want you to listen 12 very carefully to these conditions. The first 13 are the statutory conditions that you keep the 14 peace and be of good behaviour, and that just 15 means do not get into trouble; that you appear 16 before the Court when required to do so by the 17 Court; that you notify the Court or the probation 18 officer in advance of any change of name or 19 address. So if you move from your parents' house 20 to somewhere else, you have to notify either the 21 Court or the probation officer before you 22 actually move. And that you promptly notify the 23 Court or probation officer of any change of 24 employment or occupation. 25 Now, there are some further conditions that 26 I am imposing. First of all, for the first year 27 of the probation order -- three years' probation. Official Court Reporters 16 1 For the first year of that, you will abide by a 2 curfew, which means you will be in your home from 3 9 p.m. to 7 a.m. unless you are accompanied by a 4 sober, responsible adult or you have written 5 permission, written permission, from your 6 probation officer. You will perform 150 hours of 7 community service work at a rate of no less than 8 12 hours per month commencing the first month 9 following your release from jail. You will 10 report to a probation officer within 72 hours of 11 your release from jail, and for the first three 12 months of your probation, you will report at 13 least once a week to the probation officer, and, 14 after that, as required by the probation officer. 15 You will take counselling as recommended by the 16 probation officer. You will not have in your 17 possession any knives for any reason while 18 outside your residence. You will live where 19 directed by your probation officer. You will 20 have no contact, either direct or indirect, with 21 the following people. When I say "direct or 22 indirect" that means you cannot talk to these 23 people, you cannot communicate with them, and you 24 cannot get someone else to do that for you. The 25 people, then, that you are not to have any 26 contact with are Tara Gray, Irvin McDonald, 27 Derrick Szmutko, and Sandra Gray. Another Official Court Reporters 17 1 condition is that you will not attend at the 2 residences or workplaces of those people that I 3 have just named. Except in the event of a 4 medical emergency, you will remain within the 5 Northwest Territories unless you obtain written 6 permission to leave from your probation officer. 7 Again, that is written permission. Finally, you 8 will not consume or possess alcohol or any other 9 intoxicating substances except for prescription 10 medications. 11 Now, the jail sentence and the probation 12 will be a global sentence on the entire 13 Indictment. I am not going to divide up the 14 sentence between counts. 15 Now, Mr. Takazo, what you have to understand 16 is that if you breach any of those conditions and 17 you are charged with breaching those conditions, 18 that may result in a jail sentence for you 19 specifically for breaching the probation 20 condition. So it is very important -- I know 21 those are a lot of conditions. Three years is 22 quite a long time after being released from jail. 23 But it is very important, obviously, that you do 24 abide by all of those conditions. The clerk will 25 go over the probation order with you as well at 26 the end of the proceedings. Now, you can have a 27 seat now Mr. Takazo. Official Court Reporters 18 1 In addition, there will be a DNA order, 2 assuming that it is attachable to the primary 3 designated offence. Or assuming that unlawful 4 confinement is a primary designated offence, 5 which I believe it is from reading the section, 6 the order will attach that. Even if it was not, 7 it would be my inclination, on the consent of 8 counsel, in any event, to make such an order as a 9 secondary -- or on the secondary designated 10 offence of break and enter and commit an 11 indictable offence. Do you have a draft DNA 12 order? 13 MS. NGUYEN: No, Your Honour. My 14 understanding is that the clerk has a form. 15 THE COURT: All right. That is fine. 16 Thank you. 17 There will also be a firearm prohibition 18 order, in the usual terms, that will commence 19 today and will continue for the rest of your 20 life, Mr. Takazo. I am making that order 21 pursuant to Section 109 of the Criminal Code. 22 That means you are not to have in your possession 23 any firearms or ammunition ever again. And if 24 you do have any firearms in your possession, you 25 are to surrender them forthwith to the RCMP. 26 In the circumstances, I will waive the 27 victim surcharge. Official Court Reporters 19 1 Mr. Takazo, I just want to say that the fact 2 that nobody was badly injured or killed in these 3 events, including you, is maybe because you did 4 restrain yourself from physically harming anyone. 5 Maybe you did restrain yourself from going that 6 far. Maybe it was because the people that you 7 threatened reacted safely and intelligently to 8 what you were doing. Maybe it was good 9 management on the part of the RCMP. Maybe it was 10 only luck that a huge tragedy did not result from 11 what you did. Most likely it was probably all of 12 those things coming together that prevented a 13 serious and very devastating tragedy that of 14 course would go beyond just people being hurt but 15 extend to their families, to the whole 16 community's reaction. So I hope you will think 17 about that, and that you will think that you need 18 to exert control over yourself and you need to 19 deal with your problems, and I am sure you have 20 been told that many, many times by the 21 psychiatrists. Your mother said that she has 22 been encouraging you to get help with your 23 problems. So you have heard that said. You are 24 a mature man, you are not a kid, and I am sure 25 that you will spend some time thinking about 26 that. And I am sure that you understand that 27 what you need to do is to show people that you Official Court Reporters 20 1 are the person that is described in those letters 2 from Raymond Tutcho and from Cecilia Baton, a 3 person who is helpful to people, who is looked at 4 as someone who does assist others in the 5 community, that you can be a law-abiding person. 6 And I am impressed by the fact that you did not 7 get into trouble up until the age of about 30 8 years, which, quite frankly, is not often the 9 case with young men in small communities because 10 of the unfortunate factors that tend to come 11 together. So you need to be able to show that 12 you are the person that is described in those 13 letters and that you can leave behind and not be 14 the person who caused so much fear and distress 15 here in Norman Wells back in January and February 16 of this year. So I do sincerely hope that with 17 all the help that I hope is going to be available 18 to you both at the Correctional Centre and 19 through the probation office, that you can look 20 at it that way and that you can get back to being 21 the person that you have been in the past. 22 All right. So is there anything else, 23 Counsel, that I need to deal with? 24 MS. NGUYEN: Not from the Crown's 25 perspective, Your Honour. 26 MR. BOYD: Your Honour, on the two 27 occasions Betty Takazo pointed out to me that Official Court Reporters 21 1 what was referred to as the McDonald residence in 2 the Agreed Statement is actually the Melvin 3 Blondin residence. The distinction was important 4 to Mrs. Takazo to clear that up. Secondly, Your 5 Honour, the Agreed Statement did include a 6 defence consent if we're under the secondary 7 designated offence category. 8 THE COURT: Yes. 9 MS. BOYD: So that if the matter is ever 10 reviewed and if it doesn't fit the primary 11 category, there was consent for the secondary 12 category. 13 THE COURT: Yes, I did understand that. I 14 may not have expressed that very well, but that 15 was my understanding was that you were consenting 16 to it on one -- whether it was for a primary 17 designated offence or secondary. Thank you very 18 much, Mr. Boyd. And my thanks again to counsel 19 for resolving this matter in such an appropriate 20 and, I think, very well thought out way. We will 21 close court. 22 ................................. 23 24 25 26 27 Official Court Reporters 22 1 2 3 Certified Pursuant to Rule 723 of the Rules of Court 4 5 6 Jane Romanowich, CSR(A), RPR 7 Court Reporter 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Official Court Reporters 23
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