Urukiko rw'Ikirenga

NISHIMWE v. MUGENGA N’UNDI

[Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RCAA 00031/2016/SC (Mugenzi P.J., Cyanzayire na Nyirinkwaya J.) 09 Ugushyingo 2018] 

Amategeko y’imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano – Ubujurire – Kurega uwo mwari mufatanije urubanza – Kugirango umuntu arege undi mu bujurire, agomba kugaragaza inyungu akurikiranye. bikaba bitashoboka kugira inyungu ukurikirana mu bujurire ku wo mwari mufatanyije urubanza. mu nkiko zibanza.

Amategeko y’imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano – Ababuranyi benshi basangiye inyungu ku kiburanwa – Igihe hari ababuranyi benshi basangiye inyungu ku kiburanwa, ubujurire bw’umwe bugira ingaruka no ku bandi, n’iyo baba bataje mu rubanza.

Incamake y’ikibazo: Mugenga yagiranye amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu na Kabagema, yaje guteshwa agaciro n’Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali, kuko rwasanze Kabagema yaragurishije ibitari ibye kuko byari iby’umuvandimwe we Rwamanywa, yagurishije mu buryo budakurikije amategeko.

Mugenga amaze gusubiza inzu yari yaraguze, yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, arega Nishimwe na Mashami abazungura ba Rwamanywa, avuga ko yasubije inzu ariko ibikorwa yari amaze kuyikoraho ntiyabyishyurwa, asaba inyungu z’amafaranga yashyize kuri iyo nzu, amafaranga y’ubukode bayibonamo, n’ amafaranga aturuka ku guta agaciro k’ifaranga (inflation).Urwo rukiko rwemeza ko, koko hari ibikorwa Mugenga yakoze kuri iyo nzu, ndetse agira n’ibindi bishya yubaka muri icyo kibanza agomba kubisubirizwa amafaranga yagenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko ; Rutegeka abarezwe gusubiza Mugenga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza.

Mugenga n’ abazungura ba Rwamanywa ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, buri ruhande rujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwabo buhurizwa hamwe muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’ abazungura ba Rwamanywa n’ubwa Mugenga nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe idahindutse.

Nishimwe yongeye kujuririra urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, avuga ko arega Mugenga na Mashami. Asobanura ko yajuriye kuko habaye kwivuguruza kwatumye Urukiko ruvugisha Itegeko ibyo ritavuga, ko Urukiko rwemeje ko Mugenga asubizwa inyongeragaciro yashyize ku nzu mu gihe ariwe wakoze amakosa, no kuba ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kugena ibyo yongeye kuri iyo nzu, bishidikanywaho.

Iburanisha ryabaye ku wa 27/03/2018, maze Mugenga azamura inzitizi yo kuba Nishimwe wajuriye yaratsinzwe kabiri ku mpamvu zimwe, n’iyo kuba ikiburanwa ubwacyo kitagejeje kuri 50.000.000Frw, bityo ko ubujurire budakwiye kwakirwa kubera ko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. Ku wa 20/04/2018, Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi, rwemeza ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe na Mugenga nta shingiro ifite.

Mugenga yongeye gutanga iyindi nzitizi avuga ko Nishimwe yahinduye ababuranyi mu rwego rw’ubujurire, kubera ko Mashami aza mu baregwa kandi bari bafatanyije urubanza na Nishimwe mu Nkiko zibanza. Muri uru rubanza urukiko rwanibajije niba ubujurire bwa Nishimwe butagira ingaruka ku bandi bazungura. Mugenga Joseph avuga ko kuba Mashami Gisèle yari urega kimwe na Nishimwe Claudine mu Rukiko rubanza, bitashoboka ko ahinduka uregwa kimwe nawe mu bujurire, ko rero kuba Nishimwe Claudine yarahinduye ababuranyi, ikirego cye kidakwiye kwakirwa.

Nishimwe avuga ko ababuranye mbere ari abarega ntakibabuza guhinduka abaregwa mu bujurire. Kandi ko kuzana Mashami mu bujurire nk’uregwa ntacyo bitwaye, kuko akomeza kuba umuburanyi nk’uko yariwe mu nkiko zabanje. Naho Mashami we avuga ko nta kibazo kuba yaraje nk’uregwa, kuko yari umuburanyi mu nzego za mbere akaba kandi nawe ari umuzungura wa Rwamanywa.

Ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Nishimwe butagira ingaruka ku bandi bazungura, cyazamuwe n’Urukiko, Nishimwe avuga ko yajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga ku nyungu ze bwite, ariko ajuririra ibintu bituruka kuri “Succession” Rwamanywa. Avuga ko icyava mu rubanza cyaba kireba abazungura bose.

Mashami avuga ko ikirego gitangwa mu rwego rwa mbere, harezwe “Succession” Rwamanywa, ashimangira ko Nishimwe atajuriye nk’uhagarariye “Succession”, ko ahubwo yajuriye ku giti cye. Mugenga avuga mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye uwarezwe ari “Succession” Rwamanywa, aba ari nayo ijurira, bivuze ko imyanzuro yafatiwe kuri iyo “Succession”, Avuga ko no mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga Nishimwe yajuriye nk’uhagarariye “Succession”, akaba agomba kwerekana ububasha yahawe n’abazungura ba Rwamanywa, yabubura ubujurire bwe ntibwakirwe.

Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kugirango umuntu arege undi mu bujurire, agomba kugaragaza inyungu akurikiranye, bikaba bitashoboka kugira inyungu ukurikirana ku wo mufatanyije urubanza (murega cyangwa muregwa hamwe), mu gihe mu miburanire yanyu ku rwego rubanza nta na kimwe umwe yari akurikiranye ku wundi.

2. Igihe hari ababuranyi benshi basangiye inyungu mu kiburanwa, ubujurire bw’umwe bugira ingaruka no ku bandi, n’iyo baba bataje mu rubanza.

Inzitizi yo kudahindura ababuranyi mu bujurire ifite ishingiro.

Rutegetse ko Mashami ahamagarwa mu rubanza, ku ruhande rw’uwajuriye.

Amategeko yashingiweho:

Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 9, 147, 153

Nta manza zifashishijwe.

Ibitekerezo by’abahanga byiifashishijwe:

Jacques ENGLEBERT, « Les pièges de la procédure civile », Editions Jeune Barreau, Bruxelles, 2005, pp. 7 à 68

Jean VINCENT et Serge GUINCHARD, Procédure civile, Précis Dalloz, 25ème édition, 1999, p. 140 937,

Hakim BOULARBAH, Olivier CAPRASSE, Georges de LEVAL, Frédéric GEORGES, Pierre MOREAU, Dominique MOUGENOT, Jacques Van COMPERNOLLE, Droit judiciaire, Manuel de procédure civile, T.2, 2015, P. 80

Mélina DOUCHY-OUDOT, Procédure Civile, l’action en justice, le procès, les voies de recours, 2 ème édition, 2007, P. 104

Christophe LHERMITTE, Blog du Cabinet Gauthier & Lhermitte, le 19 Avril 2016

Urubanza

I.  IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1]               Mugenga Joseph yaguze na Kabagema Ferdinand inzu mu mwaka wa 1994. Amasezerano y’ubugure bwabo yaje guteshwa agaciro n’Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali, mu rubanza RC 36.294/01 rwaciwe ku wa 12/02/2003. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rwasanze Kabagema Ferdinand yaragurishije ibitari ibye kuko byari iby’umuvandimwe we Rwamanywa Jérémie, akabigurisha mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, kubera iyo mpamvu Urukiko rwemeza ko amasezerano y’ubugure yabaye hagati ya Kabagema Ferdinand na Mugenga Joseph avuyeho.

[2]               Mugenga Joseph amaze gusubiza iyo nzu, yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, arega abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie bagizwe na Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle, avuga ko yasubije inzu ariko ibikorwa yari amaze kuyongeraho ntiyabisubizwa, asaba inyungu z’amafaranga yari kubona ku mafaranga yashyize kuri iyo nzu, amafaranga y’ubukode abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie bayibonamo, n’amafaranga aturuka ku guta agaciro k’ifaranga (inflation), byose bingana na 137.056.112Frw.

[3]               Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko, koko hari ibikorwa Mugenga Joseph yakoze kuri iyo nzu, ndetse agira n’ibindi yubaka muri icyo kibanza; Rutegeka “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie igizwe na Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle gusubiza Mugenga Joseph amafaranga 15.591.362frw, runabategeka kumuha amafaranga 800.000frw y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga 100.000frw y’ikurikiranarubanza.

[4]               Mugenga Joseph n’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, buri ruhande rujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwabo buhurizwa hamwe mu rubanza RCA0517/15/HC/KIG -0538/15/HC/KIG, rucibwa ku wa 22/04/2016. Urukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’ abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie n’ubwa Mugenga Joseph nta shingiro bufite, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe idahindutse.

[5]               Nishimwe Claudine yongeye kujuririra urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, urubanza ruhabwa RCAA 00031/2016/SC, avuga ko arega Mugenga Joseph na Mashami Gisèle. Asobanura ko yajurijwe no kuba harabaye kwivuguruza bigatuma Urukiko ruvugisha Itegeko ibyo ritavuga, ko Urukiko rwemeje ko Mugenga asubizwa inyongeragaciro yashyize ku nzu mu gihe ariwe wakoze amakosa, no kuba ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kugena ibyo yongeye kuri iyo nzu, bishidikanywaho.

[6]               Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryabereye mu ruhame ku wa 27/03/2018, Nishimwe Claudine ahagarariwe na Me Rwabukumba Moussa na Me Nsengiyumva Abel, Mashami Gisèle ahagarariwe na Me Abasa Fazil, naho Mugenga Joseph yunganiwe na Me Nzabahimana Augustin.

[7]               Iburanisha rigitangira, Mugenga Joseph yibukije inzitizi yatanze ishingiye ku kuba Nishimwe Claudine wajuriye yaratsinzwe kabiri ku mpamvu zimwe, n’iyo kuba ikiburanwa ubwacyo kitagejeje kuri 50.000.000Frw, bityo ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 28 igika cya 2, agace ka 7º no ku gika cya 5 cy’Itegeko-Ngenga Nº03/2012 ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, ubujurire budakwiye kwakirwa kubera ko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga.

[8]               Ku wa 20/04/2018, Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi, rwemeza ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe na Mugenga Joseph nta shingiro ifite, ko urubanza ruzasubukurwa ku wa 12/06/2018. Kuri iyi tariki ntirwaburanishijwe kubera impinduka mu rwego rw’amategeko, ruburanishwa ku wa 09/10/2018, hitabye Nishimwe Claudine uburanirwa na Me Rwabukumba Moussa na Me Nsengiyumva Abel ; Mugenga Joseph yunganiwe na Me Nzabahimana Augustin, naho Mashami Gisèle aburanirwa na Me Abasa Fazil.

[9]               Mugenga Joseph yongeye gutanga inzitizi avuga ko Nishimwe Claudine yahinduye ababuranyi mu rwego rw’ubujurire, kubera ko Mashami Gisèle aza mu baregwa kandi yari afatanyije urubanza na Nishimwe Claudine mu Nkiko zibanza, icyo kibazo aba ari cyo kigibwa ho impaka, hamwe n’icyo kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Nishimwe Claudine butagira ingaruka ku bandi bazungura cyabyukijwe n’Urukiko.

II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO

A.        Kumenya niba Nishimwe Claudine ashobora kurega mu bujurire Mashami Gisèle bari bafatanyije urubanza mu nzego zibanza.

[10]           Mugenga Joseph avuga ko kuba Mashami Gisèle yari urega kimwe na Nishimwe Claudine mu Rukiko rubanza, bitashoboka ko ahinduka uregwa kimwe nawe mu bujurire, ko rero kuba Nishimwe Claudine yarahinduye ababuranyi, ikirego cye kidakwiye kwakirwa. Akomeza avuga ko Mashami Gisèle yanze gutanga igarama, ko kandi ibyo yakoze bifite ingaruka mu gihe “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie yatsindwa ikagira ibyo icibwa, asaba ko urega yakomeza kuba Nishimwe Claudine naho Mashami Gisèle akavanwa muri uru rubanza.

[11]           Me Nzabahimana Augustin wunganira Mugenga Joseph avuga ko ashingiye ku ngingo ya 169 y’Itegeko N°21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi[1], ububasha bw’umuburanyi budahinduka mu bujurire.

[12]           Me Rwabukumba Moussa uburanira Nishimwe Claudine avuga ko ababuranye mbere ari abarega ntakibabuza guhinduka abaregwa mu bujurire. Avuga ko Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle mu rwego rwa mbere baregaga bakanaregwa, ko impamvu yatumye Mashami Gisèle ahinduka uregwa ari uko hari ubuhamya yatanze Nishimwe Claudine atishimiye ; ubwo buhamya akaba aribwo bwabaye intandaro yo gutuma Nishimwe Claudine atsindwa akagira ibyo acibwa.

[13]           Me Nsengiyumva Abel nawe wunganira Nishimwe Claudine avuga ko kuzana Mashami Gisèle mu bujurire nk’uregwa ntacyo bitwaye, kuko akomeza kuba umuburanyi nk’uko yariwe mu nkiko zabanje.

[14]           Me Abasa Fazil wunganira Mashami Gisèle we avuga ko nta kibazo kirimo kuba uwo yunganira yaraje nk’uregwa, kuko yari umuburanyi mu nzego za mbere akaba kandi nawe ari umuzungura wa Rwamanywa Jérémie. Avuga kandi ko impamvu yaje mu rubanza nk’uregwa ari uko atatanze igarama, ko ibyo bamurega byose yiteguye kubisubiza. Yongeraho ko iby’uko yarezwe kubera ubuhamya yatanze mu Rukiko Rukuru abyumviye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ko we icyo yari yiteguye kuburana ari uburenganzira bwa Mashami Gisèle nk’umuzungura wa Rwamanywa Jérémie, ariko bitabuza ko n’ubwo buhamya yiteguye kubwireguraho.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[15]           Urukiko rurasanga nta ngingo mu mategeko isobanura niba bishoboka cyangwa bidashoboka kurega mu bujurire uwo mwari mufatanyije urubanza mu rwego rubanza (uwo mwaregaga cyangwa mwaregwaga hamwe). Ingingo ya 147 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, mu gika cyayo cya mbere, iteganya gusa ko “Umuntu wabaye umuburanyi mu rubanza ku rwego rwa mbere ashobora kurujuririra iyo abifitemo inyungu, keretse iyo amategeko abigena ukundi”.

[16]           Ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, mu gika cyayo cya mbere, iteganya ko “Umucamanza aca urubanza ashingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zirebana n’ikirego yaregewe. Iyo nta tegeko rijyanye n’ikiburanwa ashingira ku mategeko asanga yashyiraho mu gihe yaba ashinzwe kuyashyiraho, yifashishije ibyemezo byagiye bifatwa n’inkiko, umuco, amahame rusange agenga amategeko, n’inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko”.

[17]           Umuhanga mu mategeko Jacques Englebert, asobanura ko mu bisabwa kugirango umuntu ajurire harimo :

Kuba yarabaye umuburanyi mu rubanza rujuririrwa ;

Kuba uwo arega mu bujurire yarabaye mu rubanza rujuririrwa ;

Kuba mu rukiko rubanza hari icyaburanwaga (un lien d’instance) hagati ye n’uwo arega mu bujurire[2].

Avuga kandi ko kugirango umuntu aregwe mu bujurire, agomba kuba hari icyo yaburanaga (lien d’instance) n’uwajuriye, mu rubanza rwajuririwe[3].

[18]           Uyu muhanga avuga ko, ihame ari uko ubujurire bureba uwo mwari mushyamiranye (adversaire) mu rwego rubanza, akanasobanura ko abashyamiranye(adversaires) mu rwego rubanza bivuga kuba hari icyo umwe yaregaga undi, cyangwa kuba hari icyo yireguragaho[4]. Ahereye ku rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rusesa Imanza rwo mu Bubiligi ku wa 10/10/2002, avuga ko bihagije kuba hari icyo umwe yaregaga undi mu rwego rubanza, bakaba bari bashyamiranye ku ngingo imwe cyangwa nyinshi z’ibyaburanwaga[5].

[19]           Ibivugwa n’uyu muhanga mu mategeko bishimangirwa no kuba, kugirango umuntu arege undi mu bujurire, agomba kugaragaza inyungu akurikiranye, nk’uko byumvikana mu ngingo ya 147 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, bikaba bitashoboka kugira inyungu ukurikirana ku wo mufatanyije urubanza (murega cyangwa muregwa hamwe), mu gihe mu miburanire yanyu ku rwego rubanza nta na kimwe umwe yari akurikiranye ku wundi.

[20]           Abahanga mu mategeko bayobowe na Georges de Leval, basobanura ko, inyungu bivuga icyo urega ashobora kuvana mu rubanza mu buryo bufatika, igihe atanga ikirego[6]. Abahanga mu mategeko Jean Vincent na Serge Guinchard[7], kimwe n’undi muhanga mu mategeko Mélina Douchy-Oudot[8], nabo basobanura ko urega agomba kugaragaza ko azagira icyo avana mu kirego atanze.

[21]           Muri uru rubanza, Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle bari bafatanyije urubanza mu nkiko zibanza, ndetse basangiye inyungu nk’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie, ntawe ugira icyo arega undi. Hakurikijwe ibisobanuro byatanzwe, ntabwo Nishimwe Claudine yahindukira ngo arege Mashami Gisèle mu bujurire, cyane ko mu nyandiko itanga ikirego cy’ubujurire mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ndetse no mu myanzuro ye atagaragaza icyo amurega. Mu iburanisha ry’urubanza ryo ku wa 09/10/1018, nibwo Me Nsengiyunva Abel wunganira Nishimwe Claudine yabwiye Urukiko ko impamvu uwo yunganira yareze Mashami Gisèle, ari uko yatanze ubuhamya atishimiye, nyamara atari yarigeze abimurega ngo bisuzumwe mu rubanza rwabanje.

[22]           Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rusanga ikirego cy’ubujurire cya Nishimwe Claudine ku bireba Mashami Gisèle kidakwiye kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe.

B.        Kumenya ingaruka ubujurire bwa Nishimwe Claudine bwagira ku bandi bazungura barezwe hamwe mu rwego rubanza kandi basangiye inyungu mu kiburanwa

[23]           Me Rwabukumba Moussa uburanira Nishimwe Claudine avuga ko uwo yunganira yajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga yivugira, ariko ajuririra ibintu bituruka kuri “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie. Avuga ko icyava mu rubanza cyaba kireba “Succession” yose. Yongeraho ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye, umucamanza yafashe icyemezo kuri “Succession” yose mu gihe buri wese mu bayigize yari yarezwe ku giti cye, akaba asanga iyo ari inenge kuko buri wese yagombaga gutegekwa ibyo acibwa ku giti cye, n’ubwo icyaburanwaga gihuriweho n’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie bose.

[24]           Me Abasa Fazil wunganira Mashami Gisèle avuga ko ikirego gitangwa mu rwego rwa mbere, harezwe “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie. Avuga ko mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga hajuriye Nishimwe Claudine wenyine nk’umwe mu bagize “Succession” kandi uyifitemo inyungu. Ashimangira ko Nishimwe Claudine atajuriye nk’uhagarariye “Succession”, ko ahubwo yajuriye nkawe ku giti cye.

[25]           Mugenga Joseph avuga ko mu kuburana bwa mbere mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye uwarezwe ari “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie, aba ari nayo ijurira, bivuze ko imyanzuro yafashwe yafatiwe kuri iyo “Succession”. Avuga ko no mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga Nishimwe Claudine yajuriye nk’uhagarariye “Succession”, akaba agomba kwerekana ububasha yahawe n’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie, yabubura ubujurire bwe ntibwakirwe.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[26]           Ingingo ya 153 y’itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igira iti : “Iyo bamwe mu baburanyi bajuriye abandi ntibajurire, ntibibuza ko bose bahamagarwa mu rubanza rw’ubujurire. Muri icyo gihe, abatarezwe[9] mu bujurire bashobora gusaba ijambo bagamije kurengera inyungu zabo. Bashobora kandi kuririra ku bujurire bakagira ibyo basaba kimwe n'uko bashobora gutakaza bimwe mu byo bari baragenewe mu rubanza rwajuririwe”.

[27]           Muri uru rubanza, ikiburanwa ari nacyo cyajuririwe mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, gishingiye ku nzu yasizwe na Rwamanywa Jérémie, igurishwa na Kabagema Ferdinand, ikaba ihuriweho na Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle nk’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie.

[28]           Urubanza rutangira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye, haregwaga “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie, igizwe na Mashami Gisèle na Nishimwe Claudine. Ibyemezo byafashwe n’Urukiko byarebaga iyo “Succession”. Mu Rukiko Rukuru, bigaragara ko buri wese mu bagize “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie, yajuriye ku giti cye. Ubujurire bwabo ntibwahawe ishingiro, hagumaho imikirize y’Urukiko Rwisumbuye.

[29]           Mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko zigize dosiye zatanzwe hifashishijwe urubuga rutangirwaho ibirego (www.iecms.gov.rw), Nishimwe Claudine yajuriye ku giti cye, adahagarariye “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie, ariko akavuga ko ibyo aburana abihuriyeho n’abandi bazungura. Urukiko rusanga ibyemezo byafatwa, hashingiwe ku kiburanwa, bitaba bireba Nishimwe Claudine wenyine wajuriye, ahubwo byagira ingaruka no ku bandi bazungura bahuriye ku kiburanwa.

[30]           Abahanga mu mategeko Jean Vincent na Serge Guinchard, basobanura ko igihe hari ababuranyi benshi basangiye inyungu mu kiburanwa, ubujurire bw’umwe bugira ingaruka no ku bandi, n’iyo baba bataje mu rubanza.[10] Ibyo babishingira ku ngingo iri mu gitabo cy’amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano mu Bufaransa (ingingo ya 553).

[31]           Mu nyandiko yakozwe na Christophe Lhermitte ku wa 19/04/2016, ahereye ku bisobanuro byatanzwe n’Urukiko Rusesa Imanza rwo mu Bufaransa[11], asobanura ko gusangira inyungu mu kiburanwa (indivisibilité) ari igihe bidashoboka kurangiza urubanza mu buryo butandukanye kuri buri muburanyi[12]. Hakurikijwe ibyo bisobanuro, Urukiko rusanga Nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle nk’abagize “Succession” Rwamanywa Jérémie, basangiye inyungu mu rubanza ku buryo ibyemezo byarufatwamo bitashobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo butandukanye kuri buri wese.

[32]           Ibi bisobanuro by’abahanga, birunganira mu gusobanura ibiteganyijwe n’ingingo ya 153 y’Itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi yavuzwe haruguru, kuko iyi ngingo iteganya muri rusange uko bigenda iyo hari ababuranyi benshi, bamwe bakajurira abandi ntibajurire, igasobanura ko bitabuza ko n’abandi bahamagarwa mu rubanza, n’ubwo itabigira itegeko.

Ibisobanuro by’abahanga mu mategeko, nk’uko byibukijwe haruguru, bigaragaza by’umwihariko ko igihe ababuranyi basangiye inyungu, icyemezo cyafatwa kuri umwe kigira ingaruka ku basangiye inyungu bose. Muri icyo gihe, ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 153 yavuzwe haruguru ntibyaba guhitamo, ahubwo ni ngombwa ko ababuranyi basangiye inyungu bose bahamagarwa mu rubanza, kugirango icyemezo kizafatwa kizashobore gushyirwa mu bikorwa.

[33]           Hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 153 y’itegeko Nº22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, bigahuzwa n’ibisobanuro by’abahanga mu mategeko byagaragajwe mu bika bibanza ; hashingiwe kandi ku kuba nishimwe Claudine na Mashami Gisèle basangiye inyungu mu kiburanwa nk’abazungura ba Rwamanywa Jérémie, ku buryo icyemezo cyafatwa cyabagiraho ingaruka bose, Urukiko rusanga Mashami Gisèle akwiye kuza mu rubanza n’ubwo atajuriye.

III.         ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[34]           Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cyatanzwe na Nishimwe Claudine ku bireba Mashami Gisèle kitagomba kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe ;

[35]           Rwemeje ko Mashami Gisèle nk’uregwa, akuwe mu rubanza ;

[36]           Rutegetse ko Mashami Gisèle ahamagarwa muri uru rubanza, ku ruhande rwa Nishimwe Claudine wajuriye ;

[37]           Rutegetse ko iburanisha ry’uru rubanza rizakomeza ku wa 08/01/2019 ;

[38]           Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza asubitswe.