UBUSHINJACYAHA v NIYONAGIRA
[Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00410/2020/CA (Mukandamage, P.J.) 27 Gicurasi 2022]
Amategeko nshinjabyaha – Igihano – Igihano uregwa yahawe n’inkiko zabanje nticyakongera kugabanywa igihe cyagabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije.
Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, Ubushinjacyaha burega Niyonagira icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina, buvuga ko yirukankanye umugore we, aramukubita ndetse amujomba urumambo mu gitsina harakomereka. Niyonagira yaburanye yemera icyaha. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Niyonagira ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina y’uwo bashakanye, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) rumugabanyirije, kubera ko icyo cyaha nta ngaruka zikomeye cyagize ku wagikorewe nk’uko raporo ya Muganga ibivuga.
Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko atigeze akora icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina y’umugore we, ko abona yarakoze icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rudahindutse, ko igihano cy’imyaka 15 Niyonagira yahawe kigumyeho, ko cyagabanyijwe, kubera ko yashoboraga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu.
Uregwa yarongeye ajurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, ariko ahabwa igihano kirekire, agasaba ko cyakongera kugabanywa kikagera ku myaka itanu (5) kugira ngo ashobore kujya kurera abana be no kwita ku muryango.
Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwagabanyirije igihano Niyonagira ku buryo buhagije kandi bukurikije amategeko, kuko yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15, mu gihe yagombaga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza yajuririye rusanga atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko yagabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije.
Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Igihano uregwa yahawe n’inkiko zabanje nticyakongera kugabanywa igihe cyagabanyijwe mu buryo buhagije, bityo kuba rero igihano cyaragabanyijwe n’inkiko zabanje zitaye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zagaragaje, agahabwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15, nticyakongera kugabanywa ngo gishyirwe ku myaka 5 nk’uko abyifuza.
Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite.
Amategeko yakoreshejwe:
Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 6, 49, 58 n’iya 114.
Itegeko Ngenga N° 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana, ingingo ya 187.
Nta manza zifashishijwe.
Urubanza
I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA
[1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, Ubushinjacyaha burega NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina, buvuga ko ku itariki ya 15/03/2018 yirukankanye umugore we witwa MUKANTWARI Clotilde, aramukubita ndetse amujomba urumambo mu gitsina harakomereka. NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yaburanye yemera icyaha.
[2] Ku wa 21/01/2019 Urukiko rwaregewe rwaciye urubanza RP 00156/2018/TGI/MHG, rwemeza ko NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina y’uwo bashakanye, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) rumugabanyirije, kubera ko icyo cyaha nta ngaruka zikomeye cyagize ku wagikorewe nk’uko raporo ya Muganga ibivuga.
[3] NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko atigeze akora icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina y’umugore we, ko abona yarakoze icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe.
[4] Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwaciye urubanza nº RPA 00259/2019/HC/NYZ ku wa 30/01/2020, rwemeza ko urubanza nº RP 00156/2018/TGI/MHG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rudahindutse, ko igihano cy’imyaka 15 NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yahawe kigumyeho, ko cyagabanyijwe, kubera ko yashoboraga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu nk’uko byateganywa n’ingingo ya 187 y’Itegeko Ngenga nº 01/2012 ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana.
[5] NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yajuririye na none Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, ariko agahabwa igihano kiremereye, asaba ko cyagabanywa.
[6] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis asaba yabihawe, ko hagumaho imikirize y’urubanza yajuririye.
[7] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku itariki ya 06/05/2022, NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yunganiwe na Me UNEJUMUTIMA Aphrodis, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na HABARUREMA Jean Pierre, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, iburanisha rirangiye ababuranyi bamenyeshwa ko urubanza ruzasomwa ku itariki ya 27/05/2022, akaba ari nawo munsi rusomwe
II. IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYACYO:
Kumenya niba NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe
[8] NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, ariko ahabwa igihano kirekire, agasaba ko cyakongera kugabanywa kikagera ku myaka itanu (5) kugira ngo ashobore kujya kurera abana be no kwita ku muryango, kuko abana n’umugore bandagaye. Avuga ko mu kumugabanyiriza igihano, Urukiko rwashingira ku myitwarire yamuranze kuva agifatwa kugera ari imbere y’urukiko, rukita no ku nyungu z’abana, kuko nta mategeko yaba yirengagijwe, kandi n’abana yasize baba barengewe.
[9] Me UNEJUMUTIMA Aphrodis, wunganira NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis, avuga ko uregwa yahabwa amahirwe yo kugabanyirizwa igihano, kuko hari impamvu zishingiye no ku ngingo ya 59 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ivuga ko “Umucamanza ashobora kugabanya ibihano nk’iyo (….) 3º mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ushinjwa yemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa; 4º icyaha cyakozwe nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje”, kuko uwakorewe icyaha nta kibazo yagize kidasanzwe kandi gikomeye kubera ko nta Muganga wigeze wiyambazwa ngo atange ikigereranyo cy’ububabare cyangwa ubumuga yagize.
[10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwagabanyirije igihano NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis ku buryo buhagije kandi bukurikije amategeko, kuko yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15, mu gihe yagombaga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza yajuririye rusanga atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko yagabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije.
[11] Ku bijyanye no kuba NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yagabanyirizwa igihano kikagezwa ku myaka itanu (5) y’igifungo kugira ngo asange abana n’umugore we bari mu buzima bubi kubera kubaho ari bonyine, kandi ari we wabahahiraga, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nta gaciro iyi mpamvu yahabwa, kuko ni we ubwe wabigizemo uruhare kugira ngo babe bari mu buzima nk’ubwo avuga barimo, akaba atabishingiraho ngo asabe igabanyagihano, nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza nº RPA 0129/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/03/2014, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na MPITABAKANA, aho rwavuze ko uwakoze icyaha agomba kwirengera ingaruka zacyo.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
➢ Ku byerekeye itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa
[12] Ingingo ya 6 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu iteganya ko “Mu gihe hari amategeko ahana, rimwe ryariho mu igihe icyaha cyakorwaga, irindi ryaratangajwe nyuma y’uko icyaha gikorwa, ariko urubanza rutaracibwa burundu, itegeko rishya ni ryo rikurikizwa iyo riteganya igihano cyoroheje”.
[13] Ku byerekeye icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina, ingingo ya 187 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga igihe NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yakoraga icyaha akurikiranyweho iteganya ko “Kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina bihanishwa igifungo cya burundu cy’umwihariko”.
[14] Naho ingingo ya 114 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko “Umuntu wese wangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi muntu aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu”.
[15] Urukiko rurasanga rero Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, ari ryo riteganya ibihano byoroheje ku cyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina, ugereranyije n’Itegeko Ngenga nº 01/2012/OL ryo ku wa 02/05/2012 rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ryakurikizwaga igihe icyaha cyakorwaga, riteganya igifungo cya burundu cy’umwihariko kuri icyo cyaha, bityo ni ryo rigomba gukurikizwa muri uru rubanza mu kugena igihano kigomba gutangwa.
➢ Ku byerekeye igabanyagihano NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis asaba
[16] Ubujurire bwa NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis bugamije kugabanyisha igihano yahawe, kuko avuga ko kiremereye, kugira ngo ajye kwita ku muryango we.
[17] Ku bijyanye n’ibyo umucamanza ashingiraho mu gutanga ibihano, ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye uregwa agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo’’.
[18] Naho ku byerekeye impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ingingo ya 58 y’iryo Tegeko iteganya ibikurikira: “Umucamanza ubwe niwe ugena niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemezwa n’umucamanza zahabwa agaciro. Kwemeza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bigomba gusobanurwa mu cyemezo cy’Urukiko”.
[19] Izi ngingo zifatiwe hamwe zumvikanisha ko Umucamanza ari we usuzuma niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zakwemerwa, ariko kandi agomba no gutanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha n’ingaruka icyaha cyateye.
[20] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza nº RP 00156/2018/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 21/01/2019, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangabitsina y’uwo bashakanye, birimo kuba yaraburanye yemera icyaha akanasobanura uburyo yagikoze, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), rumugabanyirije kubera ko icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje.
[21] NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yajuririye icyo gihano yahawe mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, urwo Rukiko rusanga igihano yahawe cy’imyaka 15 kitagomba kugabanywa, kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije, kuko yashoboraga guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu, maze rugumishaho imikirize y’urubanza yajuririye.
[22] Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwanashingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza nº RPA 0066/08/CS rwaciwe ku wa 06/02/2009, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na KABAHIZI Jean, aho rwemeje ko atakwitwaza kwemera icyaha mu bujurire ngo agabanyirizwe igihano bwa kabiri, mu gihe yabikorewe ku rwego rubanza, kabone n’ubwo haba harashingiwe ku yindi mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha.
[23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga impamvu NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis atanga mu bujurire asaba ko igihano yahawe cyakongera kugabanywa kugira ngo abashe kujya kwita ku bana be n’umuryango we itamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, kubera ko kuba atabasha kubitaho nk’uko yari asanzwe abikora, ni ingaruka z’icyaha yakoze, bityo ntibyashingirwaho ngo agabanyirizwe igihano.
[24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kandi icyaha NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yakoze cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’undi muntu ari icyaha gikomeye umushingamategeko yateganyirije igihano kiruta ibindi cy’igifungo cya burundu. Kuba rero cyaragabanyijwe n’inkiko zabanje zitaye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zagaragaje, agahabwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15, nticyakongera kugabanywa ngo gishyirwe ku myaka 5 nk’uko abyifuza, kuko cyagabanyijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere gifite ku mugore we MUKANTWARI Clotilde wagikorewe, kuko yamukubise, amujomba n’urumambo mu gitsina aramukomeretsa ava amaraso menshi nk’uko Muganga yabigaragaje muri raporo ye iri muri dosiye, arangije agatoroka.
[25] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero, rushingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zavuzwe haruguru, no ku bimaze gusobanurwa, ubujurire bwatanzwe na NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis nta shingiro bufite, hakaba hagomba kugumaho imikirize y’urubanza yajuririye.
III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
[26] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis nta shingiro bufite;
[27] Rwemeje ko urubanza rwajuririwe RPA 00259/2019/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 30/01/2020 rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose.;
[28] Rutegetse ko igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis yahanishijwe muri urwo rubanza ku cyaha cyo kwangiza imyanya ndangagitsina y’uwo bashakanye yahamijwe kigumyeho;
[29] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta, kubera ko NIYONAGIRA Aphrodis afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.