Urukiko rw’Ubujurire

Amakuru yerekeye urubanza

Ibikubiye mu rubanza

MURENZI v MUTABAZI

[Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCA00001/2020/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 17 Werurwe 2020]

Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Ibirego byihutirwa – Icyemezo cy’agateganyo – Kuba icyemezo gifashwe ku birego byihutirwa kigira kamere yo kuba icy’agateganyo ntibishobora kubangikiranywa no kuba icyemezo ndakuka kuko ibyemezo byafashwe ku birego byihutirwa biba ari iby’agateganyo kandi bishobora guhinduka igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Gutambamira umutungo – Agaciro k’umutungo – Gutambamira umutungo w’umuburanyi uryozwa indishyi bikorwa hitawe kugaciro k’indishyi zishobora gutangwa

Incamake y’ikibazo: Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rw’Isumbuye rwa Gasabo aho Mutabazi yaregaga Murenzi ko imyubakire ye idahwitse yatumye amazi y’imvura amusenyera igikuta cy’urubangu ndetse byangiriza n’imodoka ze ebyiri zari muri « parking ». Mutabazi yuririye kuri icyo kirego yatanze ikirego cyihutirwa asaba itambama ku mitungo itimukanwa ya Murenzi kugira ngo azabone ubwishyu mugihe yaramuka atsinze urubanza. Murenzi yajuririye urwo rubanza rw’ikirego cy’ihutirwa asaba Urukiko Rukuru ko itambama riguma gusa ku mitungo imwe itimukanwa, hagati aho urubanza mu mizi rwaraburanishijwe mu Rukiko rw’ Isumbuye rwemeza ko isenyuka ry’urugo rwa Mutabazi ryatewe n’iumyubakire idakwiye ya Murenzi, rugenera indishyi Mutabazi.

Aba bombi ntibishimiye imikirize bajuririra Urukiko Rukuru, Murenzi yuririye ku ubwo bujurire yatanze ikirego cy’ihutirwa asaba ko itambama ku mitungo itimukanwa ryaba gusa ku mutungo umwe asaba ko iyindi yose yayikomorerwa kuko bidindiza ubucuruzi bwe mu gihe adashobora kuyitangaho ingwate muri Banki. Mutabazi yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Murenzi kuko ngo ibyo asaba yabiburanye mu kirego cyihutirwa cyaciriweho urubanza rwabaye itegeko, kandi ko kiramutse cyakiriwe, rwakwemeza ko nta cyihutirwa kiriho kuko atagaragaza ko yasabye umwenda akabura icyo atangaho ingwate. Urukuki Rukuru rwaciye urubanza ruvuga ko ibyemezo byafashwe ku birego byihutirwa biba ari iby’agateganyo kandi ko bishobora guhinduka igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bityo ko ari uburenganzira bwa Murenzi bwo kwongera kuregera icyo abona cyihutirwa. Ku birebana n’ubusabe bwa Murenzi, Urukiko rwasanze ko, kuba imitungo ye ifatiriwe, ubwabyo bitagize impamvu y’ubwihutirwe.

Murenzi yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko kuvutswa uburenganzira ku mutungo we bibangamiye ubucuruzi bwe, nyamara ngo umutungo asaba ko ugumaho itambama ukubye inshuro 2 indishyi Mutabazi yagenewe, bityo ko byaba ari ugukoresha nabi uburenganzira umuntu yemererwa (abus de droit).

Mutabazi avuga ko indishyi yagenewe yazijuririye bityo ko ingano yazo ishobora kwiyongera mu bujurire, kandi ko Murenzi Alphonse atagaragaza ko yakeneye ingwate ku mwenda runaka ngo ayibure, ko ahubwo agamije kuyivanaho ngo aburirzemo ubwishyu asabwa. Mutabazi yuririye ku bujurire bwa Murenzi asaba ko iki kirego kitakwakirwa kuko ibyo asaba byaciriweho urubanza rwabaye Itegeko. 

Murenzi yisobanuye kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko ibyemezo mu manza zihutirwa birangwa n’ihame ko ari iby’agateganyo, ko bishobora guhinduka igihe cyose bibaye ngombwa, ko bidashobora kugira kamere y’imanza zabaye itegeko. Avuga ko, gusaba ko imwe mu mitungo ivanwa ku rutonde rw’imitungo yatambamiwe bitabangamiye icyemezo cyafashwe kirebana n’itambama ku mitungo kugira ngo hazavemo ubwishyu mu gihe Mutabazi yaba atsinze urubanza, ko igisabwa ari ugushinganisha imitungo ya ngombwa hitawe ku ngano y’indishyi zishobora gutangwa, ko rero igihe cyose iki cyemezo gishobora guhinduka. Yavuze kandi ko, ibyo yaregeye bidahura n’ibyo yari yaburanye mu kirego cyihutirwa kuko kuri ubu yerekana ko agaciro k’imwe mu mitungo ye kiyongereye abigaragariza igenagaciro, ko kandi kuri ubu yongeyemo umutungo utaravuzwe mu cyemezo cya mbere

Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kuba icyemezo gifashwe ku birego byihutirwa kigira kamere yo kuba icy’agateganyo ntibishobora kubangikiranywa no kuba icyemezo ndakuka kuko ibyemezo byafashwe ku birego byihutirwa biba ari iby’agateganyo kandi bishobora guhinduka igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bityo ibyo Mutabazi avuga ko Murenzi atakongera kuregera kuvanaho itambama kuko ngo byafashweho icyemezo mu rundi rubanza rwabaye itegeko, bikaba ntashingiro bifite.

2. Gutambamira umutungo w’umuburanyi uryozwa indishyi bikorwa bikorwa hitawe kugaciro k’indishyi zishobora gutangwa, bityo itambama rikaba rikwiye kuguma ku mutungo ukwiranye n’indishyi ziburanwa, indi mitungo ikavanirwaho itambama bitabaye ngombwa ko nyirayo abanza gusobanura icyo yifuza kuyikoresha.

Ubujurire bufite shingiro;

Ubujurire bwuririye kubundi nta shingiro bufite;

Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye ku isanduku ya Leta.

Amategeko yashyimgiweho:

Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubanno, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 14 na 185

Nta manza zifashishijwe.

Inyandiko z’abahanga zifashishijwe:

Serge Guinchard, Droit et pratique de la procédure civile, 8eme ed, Dalloz, Paris, 2014, p.

Urubanza

I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1]               Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude yareze Murenzi Alphonse mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, ko imyubakire ye idahwitse yatumye amazi y’imvura amusenyera igikuta cy’urupangu ndetse byangiriza n’imodoka ze ebyiri zari muri « parking ». Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude yasabye itambama ku mitungo itimukanwa ya Murenzi Alphonse kugira ngo azabone aho akura ubwishyu mu gihe yaramuka atsinze urubanza.

 

[2]               Murenzi Alphonse yasabye ko imwe mu mitungo ye yavanwa ku rutonde rw’iyatambamiwe, Urukiko Rukuru, mu kirego cyihutirwa RCA 00337/2018/HC/KIG, rwemeza ko itambama riguma gusa ku mitungo UPI: 1/03/07/04/2675, UPI: 1/02/09/02/1368, UPI: 1/03/07/04/2677 na UPI: 2/03/03/06/4687. Hagati aho urubanza mu mizi RC 00203/2018/TGI/GSBO rwaraburanishijwe, ku wa 08/11/2019 Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko isenyuka ry’urugo rwa Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude ryatewe n’imyubakire idakwiye ya Murenzi Alphonse, agenerwa indishyi ku byangriritse byose zingana na 22,159,538Frw na USD 6,173.

 

[3]               Murenzi alphonse na Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza Cmb RCA 00506/2019/HC/KIG ruhabwa gahunda y’iburanishwa yo ku wa 16/07/2020. Murenzi alphonse, ashingiye kuri ubu bujurire butegereje kuburanishwa, yatanze ikirego cyihutirwa RC 00001/2020/HC/KIG asaba ko itamba ryaguma gusa ku mutungo UPI: 1/02/09/02/1368 ufite agaciro ka 60.000.000 Frw byaba ngombwa hakiyongeraho umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 2/08/12/05/6766 ufite agaciro ka 57.000.000frw, iyindi yose ngo akaba yayikomorerwa kuko bidindiza ubucuruzi bwe mu gihe adashobora kuyitangaho ingwate muri banki.

 

[4]               Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Murenzi Alphonse kuko ngo ibyo asaba yabiburanye mu kirego cyihutirwa RCA 00337/2018/HC/KIG cyaciriweho urubanza rwabaye itegeko, kandi ko kiramutse cyakiriwe, rwakwemeza ko nta cyihutirwa kiriho kuko atagaragaza ko yasabye umwenda akabura icyo atangaho ingwate.

 

[5]               Mu cyemezo cyarwo cyo ku wa 23/01/2020 Urukiko Rukuru, mu rubanza RC00001/2020/HC/KIG, rwemeje ko ibyemezo bafashwe ku birego byihutirwa biba ari iby’agateganyo kandi ko bishobora guhinduka igiheicyo ari cyo cyose, bityo ko ari uburenganzira bwa Murenzi Alphonse bwo kwongera kuregera icyo abona cyihutirwa. Ku birebana n’ubusabe bwa Murenzi Alphonse, Urukiko rwasanze ko, kuba imitungo ye ifatiriwe, ubwabyo bitagize impamvu y’ubwihutirwe.

 

[6]               Murenzi Alphonse yunganiwe na Me Turatsinze Emmanuel na Me Uwizeyimana J.Baptiste yajuririye avuga ko kuvutswa uburenganzira ku mutungo we bibangamiye ubucuruzi bwe, nyamara ngo umutungo asaba ko ugumaho itambama ukubye inshuro 2 indishyi Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude yagenewe, bityo ko byaba ari ugukoresha nabi uburenganzira umuntu yemererwa (abus de droit) gutambamira imitungo ifite agaciro ka 400.000.000Frw kubera indishyi zitageze kuri 30.000.000Frw.

 

[7]               Mutabazi Abayo yunganiwe na Me Mudenge avuga ko indishyi yagenewe yazijuririye bityo ko ingano yazo ishobora kwiyongera mu bujurire, kandi ko Murenzi Alphonse atagaragaza ko yakeneye ingwate ku mwenda runaka ngo ayibure, ko ahubwo agamije kuyivanaho ngo aburirzemo ubwishyu asabwa. Mutabazi Abayo yuririye ku bujurire bwa Murenzi Alphonse asaba ko iki kirego kitakwakirwa kuko ibyo asaba byaciriweho urubanza rwabaye Itegeko.

 

[8]               Urukiko rurasuzuma niba koko ikirego cya Murenzi Alphonse cyarafashweho icyemezo ndakuka, no kumenya niba hari ubwihutirwe bwatuma imwe mu mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse ivanwa ku rutonde rw’ibyafatiriwe. Nubwo ubujurire bwa Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude bwuririye ku kirego cyatanzwe na Murenzi Alphonse, nyamara bitewe nuko kigamije kutakira ikirego (fin de non recevoir), iki ni cyo kibazo gikwiye gusuzumwa mbere.

II. ISESENGURA RY’URUBANZA

Ku birebana na kamere y’ibyemezo ndakuka mu manza zihutirwa

[9]               Mutabazi Abayo J. Claude yunganiwe na Me Mudenge Richard avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze ikosa ryo kwakira ikirego cya Murenzi Alphonse kigamije kuvana imwe mu mitungo ye ku rutonde rw’iyatambamiwe nyamara ngo iki kirego cyaraciriweho urubanza rwabaye itegeko, bityo ko iyo ari impamvu ituma ikirego kitakirwa nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 14 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano. Akomeza avuga ko uretse ibyemezo bifatwa mu manza zirebana n’imimerere y’abantu ko, ibindi byose bidashobora kugarurwa mu nkiko hagati y’abantu bamwe babiburanye.

[10]           Murenzi Alphonse yunganiwe na Me Turatsinze Emmanuel na Me Uwizeyimana J.Baptiste yisobanuye kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko ibyemezo mu manza zihutirwa birangwa n’ihame ko ari iby’agateganyo, ko bishobora guhinduka igihe cyose bibaye ngombwa, ko bidashobora kugira kamere y’imanza zabaye itegeko. Avuga ko, gusaba ko imwe mu mitungo ivanwa ku rutonde rw’imitungo yatambamiwe bitabangamiye icyemezo cyafashwe kirebana n’itamba ku mitungo kugira ngo hazavemo ubwishyu mu gihe MUTABAZI yaba atsinze urubanza, ko igisabwa ari ugushinganisha imitungo ya ngombwa hitawe ku ngano y’indishyi zishobora gutangwa, ko rero igihe cyose iki cyemezo gishobora guhinduka.

 

[11]           Yavuze kandi ko, ibyo yaregeye bidahura n’ibyo yari yaburanye mu kirego cyihutirwa RCA 00337/2018/HC/KIG kuko kuri ubu yerekana ko agaciro k’imwe mu mitungo ye kiyongereye abigaragariza igenagaciro, ko kandi kuri ubu yongeyemo umutungo uboneka ku Ruyenzi utaravuzwe mu cyemezo cya mbere.

 

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[12]           Ingingo ya 185 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubanno, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “ iyo hari ikirego cy’iremezo, ariko hagomba kugira icyemezwa by’agateganyo mu buryo bwihuta ku rubanza rwaregewe urukiko rutaraburanishwa, ikirego cyihutirwa gishyikirizwa umucamanza ushinzwe kurangiza impaka zihutirwa w’aho zigomba gukemurirwa (…).

 

[13]           Nk’uko bisobanuwe muri iyi ngingo, ikirego cyihutirwa kigamije kuramira icyihutirwa kandi ku buryo bw’agateganyo mu gihe urubanza rugamije gukemura impaka ku buryo bwa burundu rutaracibwa. Nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye, kuba icyemezo gifashwe ku birego byihutirwa kigira kamere yo kuba icy’agateganyo ntibishobora kubangikiranywa no kuba icyemezo ndakuka, bityo kikaba kitarebwa n’ingingo ya n’ingingo ya 14 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru[1].

Ibi ni nako abahanga mu mategeko nka Serge Guinchard babivuga, ko icyemezo ku kirego cyihutirwa kidafite kamere y’imanza ziciwe burundu[2].

 

[14]           Urukiko rurasanga, kuba mu kirego cyihutirwa RCA 00337/2018/HC/KIG Murenzi Alphonce yarasabye ko imwe mu mitungo ye ivanwa ku rutonde rw’iyatambamiwe bitamuzitira kuba yasaba umucamanza w’ibirego byihutirwa gufata ikindi cyemezo kijyanye n’itamba rivuzwe nk’uko ntacyashoboraga kubuza Mutabazi Abayo J. Claude kugaruka kuri iki kirego mu gihe cyose habonetse impamvu igaragaza ko icyemejwe kitagihuye n’icyari kigenderewe ku munsi w’ikirego.

 

Ku birebana n’imitungo Murenzi Alphonse asaba ko yavanwa ku rutonde rw’iyatambamiwe

[15]           Murenzi Alphonse yunganiwe na Me Turatsinze Emmanuel na Me Uwizeyimana J. Baptiste yajuriye avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutahaye agaciro impamvu y’ubwihutirwe ishingiye ku kuba itambama ryakorewe ku mitungo ye bimubangamira mu mirimo ye y’ubucuruzi kubera ko adashobora kuyitangaho ingwate mu bigo by’imali. Aburana avuga ko bitari ngombwa kumuvutsa uburenganzira ku mitungo ye yose mu gihe umutungo UPI: 01/03/07/04/2675 ufite agaciro ka 60.000.000 Frw, ari nawo asaba ko uguma ushinganishijwe, ufite agaciro karuta kure indishyi Mutabazi Abayo aburana kuko ngo uyu yagenewe indishyi ziri munsi ya 30.000.000Frw nubwo nazo atazemera kuko yajuririye urubanza rwamutsinze. Mu miburanire no mu myanzuro ye, Murenzi Alphonse avuga ko, mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga ari ngombwa, umutungo we uherereye mu Karere ka Kamonyi UPI: 2/08/12/05/6766 ufite agaciro ka 57.000.000Frw nawo washinganishwa mu nyungu yo kwizeza Mutabazi Abayo ko atazabura ubwishyu mu gihe yaramuka atsindiye indishyi aburana.

 

[16]           Murenzi Alphonse n’abamwunganira bavuga ko urubanza mu mizi ruzaburanishwa mu bujurire ku wa 16/07/2020, iki gihe ngo kikaba ari kirekire ku mucuruzi ugomba gukorana n’ibigo by’imali yifashishije imitungo ye atangaho ingwate.

 

[17]           Mutabazi Abayo J. Claude yunganiwe na Me Mudenge Richard avuga ko itambama ryakorewe ku mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse yakozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko, ko kandi ubwe ariwe wisabiye Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RCA 00337/2018/HC/KIG, ko ari yo isigara ku rutonde rw’itambamiwe mu gihe yasabaga ko indi ikomorerwa. Mutabazi avuga ko Murenzi atagaragaza ikigo cy’imali yasabye inguzanyo ngo abure umutungo atangaho ingwate kuko ngo n’inzu afite mu Murenge wa Gisozi atagaragaza aho yayitanzeho ingwate, ko kandi afite indi mitungo mu Karere ka Nyaruguru.

 

[18]           Mutabazi Abayo yisobanuye avuga kandi ko itambama ritagomba gushingira ku ndishyi yagenewe ku rwego rwa mbere kuko nawe yazijuririye asaba ko zongerwa, ko Murenzi Alphonse agamije kurigisa imitungo yazavamo ubwishyu. Mutabazi Abayo avuga ko nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze kuko rwerekanye ko nta cyihutirwa cyatuma imitungo uya Murenzi ivanirwaho itambama kuko nawe atagaragaza ubwihutirwe avuga.

 

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

[19]           Urukiko rurasanga itamba ku mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse, ryarakozwe mu rwego rwo kwizeza Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude ko azabona ubwishyu aramutse atsindiye indishyi amurega. Ibyemezo bifashwe kuri ubu buryo bifatwa mu nzira y’ibirego byihutirwa nk’uko bisobanurwa n’umuhanga mu mategeko, Serge Guinchard[3].

 

[20]           Urukiko rurasanga, nubwo iki kirego kiburanishwa mu nzira y’ibirego byihutirwa, nyamara kandi ikigenderewe (kwizeza urega ko azabona ubwishyu mu mutungo w’uwo arega), ni cyo shingiro ry’impinduka zakorerwa icyemezo cyafashwe. Nk’uko Murenzi Alphonse n’ubwunganizi bwe babivuga, ntabwo ubwihutirwe bw’ikirego cye gisaba kuvana imwe mu mitungo ye ku rutonde rw’ibyatambamiwe bugomba kureberwa mu kuba imitungo ye yatambamiwe nta kibazo kiyugarije, ahubwo harebwa niba uburenganzira asaba ku mutungo we budashyira mu kaga icyizere Mutabazi Abayo J. Claude afite mu kubona ubwishyu mu gihe yaramuka atsinze ikirego cy’indishyi akurikiranyeho Murenzi Alphonse.

 

[21]           Urukiko rurasanga, biri mu nshingano z’Urukiko gushyira mu gaciro icyatuma Mutabazi Abayo atabura ubwishyu mu gihe yaba atsinze n’icyatuma Murenzi Alphonse atabuzwa uburenganzira ku mutungo we ku buryo burenze icyishingiwe. Urukiko rurasanga, rukurikije imiterere y’iki kirego, Murenzi Alphonse atari we ukwiye kubazwa icyo yifuza gukoresha umutungo we, ahubwo Mutabazi Abayo J. Claude ari we wagombye kugaragaza ko umutungo usabirwa gusigara utambamiwe udahagije ugereranyije n’indishyi aregera.

 

[22]           Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko Murenzi abivuga, ubwabyo gutambamira umutungo we ku buryo burenze cyane indishyi zishobora gutangwa, ari abus de droit, isobanura ishingiro ry’ikirego cyihutirwa cyatanzwe na Murenzi Alphonse, itambama rikaba rikwiye kuguma ku mutungo ukwiranye n’indishyi ziburanwa, indi mitungo ikavanirwaho itambama bitabaye ngombwa ko nyirayo abanza gusobanura icyo yifuza kuyikoresha.

 

[23]           Urukiko rurasanga Murenzi Alphonse asaba ko itambama ryaguma ku mutungo we ugizwe n’inzu iri mu kibanza UPI: 01/03/07/04/2675, umutungo ufite agaciro ka 60.000.000 Frw, Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude akaba ataravuguruje igenagaciro ryatanzwe kuri uyu mutungo.

 

[24]           Urukiko rushingiye ku kiburanwa mu rubanza rw’iremezo (indishyi zikomoka ku isenyuka ry’urukuta rw’urugo, annexe, parking n’imodoka 2 zarimo), hakurikijwe kandi indishyi ( Rfw 22,159,538 na USD 6,173) Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude yagenewe ku rwego rwa mbere, nubwo yazijuririye, rurasanga umutungo wavuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki uhagije mu guha icyizere Mutabazi Abayo J.Claude cyo kuzabona ubwishyu mu gihe yaramuka atsindiye indishyi yaregeye, indi mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse ikaba igomba kurekurwa, akayikenuzamo uko abyumva.

 

[25]           Urukiko rurasanga itambama ryari ryatamzwe ku mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse UPI: 01/02/09/02/1368, UPI: 1/03/07/04/2676 na UPI: 1/03/07/04/2677 rikwiye kuvanwaho, rigasigara gusa ku mutungo UPI: 1/03/07/04/2675 uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akali ka Nyarurama, Umurenge wa Kigarama mu Karere ka Kicukiro.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

[26]           Rwemeje ko ubujurire bw’ikirego cyihutirwa bwatanzwe na Murenzi Alphonse bufite ishingiro.

[27]           Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa     Mutabazi Abayo Jean Claude nta shingiro bufite.

[28]           Rwemeje ko itambama ryategetswe ku mitungo ya Murenzi Alphonse UPI: 1/02/09/02/1368, UPI: 1/03/07/04/2676 na UPI: 1/03/07/04/2677 rivanyweho.

[29]           Rwemeje ko itambama ryategetswe ku mutungo UPI: 1/03/07/04/2675 uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rebero, Akali ka Nyarurama, Umurenge wa Kigarama mu Karere ka Kicukiro rigumaho.

[30]           Rutegetse ko ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe ihera mu Isanduku ya Leta kuko ihwanye n’ibyakozwe kuri uru rubanza.



[1]1            Urubanza rwaciwe ku rwego rwa nyuma ntirushobora kongera kuburanishwa bundi bushya ku mpamvu zimwe no ku kiburanwa kimwe hagati y’ababuranyi bamwe baburana ikirego kimwe.

[2] La décision de référé est fondamentalement une décision provisoire. (…) et n’a pas, au principal, l’autorité de la chose jugée. Serge Guinchard, Droit et pratique de la procédure civile, 8eme ed, Dalloz, Paris, 2014, p. 183

[3] ces mesures prises, visent à garantir l’exécution du jugement à venir pour protéger le créancier contre l’insolvabilité du débiteur qu’il peut légitimement redouter. ces mesures sont normalement prescrites en référé.

Serge Guinchard, Idem. P.72

 Urimo kwerekezwa kuri verisiyo iheruka y'itegeko rishobora kuba ritandukanye na verisiyo y'itegeko ryashingiweho mu gihe cyo guca urubanza.